Saturday, 20 July 2013

1 Peter and responding to ungodly authorities

This post is basically the transcript of a sermon I preached recently at Ingleton Evangelical Church on the subject of how we respond as Christians when those in authority over us (eg the government) try and make us conform to what we know to be wrong. Something I believe we need to think through more carefully in our current climate in this country. It starts off with Peter's instruction to slaves as regards their masters, but pretty quickly moves on to applying it to our situation today. Fell free to let me know what you think.

Should we expect to suffer for being Christians? When we do suffer simply for being Christians, and for seeking to live righteously, has something gone wrong? Has God somehow lost control of the situation when his people, either individually, or en masse, suffer? Because surely if we’re living to please him, he’ll show his approval by giving us a pain free life, won’t he?

These sorts of questions were doubtless in the minds of the Christians that Peter wrote to in his first letter. These were people who had trusted in the Lord Jesus Christ, who now called the all powerful God of this universe their heavenly Father. But they were finding that this didn’t mean that life was always straight forward. They hadn’t suddenly been transported, upon faith in Jesus, to a world, to a life, where there was no sorrow, no suffering. In fact, they were finding that being a faithful follower of Jesus could lead to complications in this life. Not everybody around them liked their honesty, their refusal to play a part in breaking the law, their determination not to lie or be deceitful, their morality. Being a Christian, living by Christian principles, could bring you in to conflict with people, including people in positions of authority over you.

One group of Christians for whom this was particularly true was slaves. Many of our English translations speak of servants in v18, but that can be slightly misleading. When we think of a servant we think of someone who has chosen to be a servant. They’re not owned by the person they serve, so what they have is a job. A job they can in theory at least leave if they want to, if they feel they are being badly treated. But the people Peter addresses at the start of v18 couldn’t just up and leave their masters if they didn’t like them. That’s because these people were what were called bondservants in Greek, in other words their masters owned them, they were slaves. Some of these slaves would have had good and gentle masters as Peter describes them in v18. Living by Christian principles wouldn’t have brought those slaves into that much conflict with their masters. But other Christian slaves had masters who were far from good and gentle – they were unjust. They would have treated their slaves harshly, at times in inhumane ways. They would have asked their slaves to do things, to be party to things that as Christians those slaves knew they just could not do. But they couldn’t just leave their masters, so when they opted to obey God rather than their master, to do good rather than evil, they did it knowing that a beating would be coming their way. For these people, becoming Christians had virtually guaranteed them sorrow and suffering. They must have had some faith mustn’t they!!

What words did Peter have for these slaves who had trusted in Jesus Christ? What truths did he have to tell them as they suffered for their faith?

What he had for them was words that were realistic, there are no false promises here of total freedom from suffering in this life, quite the opposite actually, but these are words that when we think through them fully, and prayerfully, though demanding, are full of rich encouragement. Words that, yes call us to suffer, but also point us to the sovereignty and justice of God. Words that point us to the Saviour, the man of sorrows who endured great suffering for us. Words that point us to his protection, he is the Shepherd and Overseer of our souls, our souls are utterly secure for all eternity. 

We’ll have three points from these verses this evening;

1    1) Patiently enduring unjust suffering is a commendable thing in God’s sight (18 – 20)

A theme that runs through 2:13 – 3:6 is that of submission, subjecting ourselves to authority.

In verse 18 Peter opens up by saying, “Servants, be subject to your masters with all respect.” Now as we’ve said, that’s easy enough to do with a good and gentle master, but what about with an unjust and harsh one. Well, Peter tells these Christian slaves, you must have a submissive spirit even towards a bad master. In the same way as in the previous verses Peter commanded Christians to submit to the ruling authorities, to honour them regardless of whether we think they’re good or not, he here tells slaves to submit to their masters even if they are unjust. He’s not of course telling them to obey their masters if they command them to do something evil, but he is saying subject yourselves to them.

Same applies to us with employers today. Even though our employers, if we have employers, don’t literally own us, they are in authority over us. Say you work in admin, and your boss is obviously not a good guy, in fact he, or she, is obviously a nasty piece of work. That doesn’t give you permission to refuse to type up a letter if they bark an order at you to do it. We’re to submit, and do it – unless of course the contents of the letter are evil, and then refusal to type would be defensible, but otherwise we must do it. We’re to submit to bad authority figures, so long as they are not telling us to do bad things.

In verse 19 the emphasis shifts slightly. Peter encourages his readers who have bad masters, by saying,
“it’s a gracious thing, a commendable thing, when mindful of God, one endures sorrows while suffering unjustly.”

The situation in mind here is different to obeying an order that isn’t evil, even though it’s given by an evil master. The situation in v19 is one where a Christian slave in some way has to defy his master, because he is mindful that what his master is asking him to do is contrary to God’s will. That leads to suffering for the Christian slave as the master punishes him for his disobedience. Peter encourages those who find themselves in such a situation by saying that it is a gracious thing to endure that sorrow and suffering. And the idea here is that it’s a gracious thing when it’s endured with patience. That principle would apply not only to a Christian slave patiently suffering under an unjust master for obeying God, but also to any believer who is persecuted and made to suffer because of their faith and obedience to God.

Peter elaborates further in v20. He says, “For what credit is it if, when you sin and are beaten for it, you endure?” In other words there’s nothing particularly commendable about accepting your punishment when you deserve it. “But” Peter goes on to say, “if when you do good and suffer for it you endure, this is a gracious thing in the sight of God.” In other words, it is credit to you, when you don’t lash out against someone in authority over you who treats you badly. Even when in God’s sight you’ve done nothing wrong.

Now none of us are slaves, but I’m sure many of us can think of times when because of our Christian principles we’ve ended up with a rough deal from employers. We can definitely think of high profile cases where other Christians have ended up with a rough deal because obeying God has put them on the wrong side of the law of the land. That seems to happen increasingly.

How are we typically to respond, as Christians, to such situations?

According to what Peter says here, the gracious thing in the sight of God is to endure it with patience. Now, none of this is to say that there isn’t a place for speaking out against abuse in the workplace – or anywhere else for that matter – that of course is often very necessary. But, we mustn’t miss what Peter is emphasising here, what God’s word is emphasising. When, as Christians, we suffer for obeying God and not men, an indispensible element in how we deal with that suffering is that we show patient endurance.

It’s often been said that Christianity thrives, when Christians out suffer their enemies. In other words, the way a Christian handles unjust suffering should be so different from how the world handles such things, that it wins to people to Christ. What should shine through is our graciousness, patience, endurance under such suffering. Now that is far from easy, it is hard, but it is what we are called to, and may increasingly find ourselves having to do in this country.

I was at a Christian men’s conference in Manchester last weekend and one of the speakers was a man called Justin Mote, some of you know the name. He was talking about changing attitudes towards Christianity in this country. Attitudes in society around us, and how that effects the attitude of employers, the attitude of government, and following on from that, the attitude of the law. Two generations ago wider society’s attitude towards Christianity was generally positive. Christianity was a good thing, and many people went to church. People sought to live by Christian principles and morals, the law of the land upheld these principles. One generation ago the attitude had changed somewhat. Christianity was still considered good for those who wished to pursue it. Fewer people actually practiced Christianity though, even in a nominal sense.
Christian morals and principles were still present, but following them was now optional. The law was beginning to reflect this change in attitude. Now, things have changed again. The attitude towards Christianity is increasingly negative, in fact many consider Christianity not to be good, but evil. Wider society has not only rejected Christian morality for itself, but very often condemns Christians who insist on practicing Christian morality themselves. The law increasingly reflects this and restricts the practicing of Christian belief and morality.

I think his assessment of the situation is right. And that means of course, that as Christians we are increasingly likely to suffer for obeying God and not men. So the question arises, what are the biblical principles that guide how we respond to such suffering? What do you think Peter would say?

What I say at this point might initially sound somewhat controversial, but please hear me out. I don’t think Peter would call us, first and foremost, to take our employers and government to the courts to try and overturn their treatment of us. I don’t think he would call us first and foremost to shout loudly, to try and gain publicity, and lobby our employers and government to try and make them change the law.

That’s not to say there’s no place for that, but I genuinely don’t think he’d say that it was anywhere near the first priority in responding to such suffering, that he would suggest it would be the thing that would actually make a difference. Why? Because it isn’t anywhere in his list of suggestions here is it.

It might seem like the natural response, to say take them to court, appeal to law, but he doesn’t. To a people suffering for their faith he says, “endure it, patiently, graciously.”

Now I really don’t think this was because Peter thought slavery was O.K. and didn’t care if it continued. Slavery brings unjust suffering. But over time, the wisdom of this approach to dealing with it was seen. The patient suffering of Christians led to the incredible growth of the church in the Roman Empire. Unbelievers saw how Christians responded to injustice, with patient, gracious endurance, and they were drawn to the gospel, drawn to Jesus and many were saved themselves. Eventually so many were won to Christ, that Christians were a majority and eventually, as a result slavery was outlawed, that injustice was removed. As Christianity became mainstream, the law was aligned to Christian values. But that came about through suffering, graciously, patiently endured suffering of unjust persecution.

I wonder if that’s a lesson that the church in the west, the church in the UK, is going to have to learn again. We haven’t had to learn it, not really, for at least a few hundred years. But as far as I can tell, the Bible teaches us that if we want to see our land won again for Christ, then it won’t actually happen primarily through us as a minority group trying to lobby our none-Christian law makers, and none-Christian legal system. Instead, the Bible teaches us that we have to be ready to suffer. To suffer injustices, and to suffer them well – with endurance, with patience, with grace. We have to be ready to adorn the gospel message of Christ’s suffering, with suffering of our own, so that people will believe the gospel and turn to Christ. Don’t you think, given the verses we have in front of us, that that’s what Peter would call us to first and foremost.

Perhaps as Christians in this country, because of our recent history, we tend to feel a sense of entitlement. A sense that we are entitled to laws that back up our beliefs, a sense that we are entitled to practice our faith free from persecution of any kind. But we’re not entitled to freedom from persecution are we, not even from the government – not in God’s book.

Now there’s nothing wrong with desiring laws that we know are what’s best for all society, laws in accordance with God word. And it’s definitely not wrong to ask for and argue for such laws. It’s also not wrong to desire freedom from persecution, to pray for freedom from persecution, even to write to politicians to graciously ask them to uphold that freedom, but we mustn’t think we’re entitled to that freedom. In the Bible we’re promised persecution. I think we do sometimes have a sense of entitlement though, and it can blind us to thinking through carefully, and prayerfully, how we suffer when injustices come our way.

I do find myself asking, where are the voices telling us how to suffer well? How to suffer patiently, with endurance, with grace so that we might point people to the gospel, to Christ?

As the world observes us, watches to see how we cope with, and respond to injustices committed against us, what do they hear and see from us? Do they see people who suffer well, or people who shout a lot about the injustices that we suffer? I do sometimes wonder what they see!!

Peter teaches us here that patiently enduring unjust suffering is a commendable thing in God’s sight.

That’s a lot to ask though isn’t it?! Why would he teach us that this is the way to respond to injustices?

Our second much shorter point comes from verses 21-23

2    2) Christ patiently endured unjust suffering as our example

Peter opens verse 21 by saying, “For to this you have been called.” In other words we are called to do what he has just outlined in v20 – to do good and suffer for it with patient endurance.

But why?

He tells us v21, “because Christ also suffered for you, leaving you an example, so that you might follow in his steps.” We are called as Christians to follow the pattern of life that Christ followed, and in his life on earth Christ suffered.

He suffered injustices that go way beyond anything we could ever suffer. In fact, his suffering was exclusively for doing good, as Peter says at the start of v22, he committed no sin, neither was deceit found in his mouth.

When Peter uses the word “example” in v21 it was a word used of children who traced over the letters of the alphabet in order to learn to write their letters correctly. You wanted to follow as exactly as possible the outline of what you were trying to copy. As Christians we’re to be all about copying Christ. Following his lead, planting our steps exactly where his have been. And he walked through unjust suffering. He walked through a trial of trumped up charges, he suffered the ultimate injustice at the hands of men, as he was condemned to death for crimes that he had not committed. He only ever did what was right in God’s sight, and yet he was crucified.

How did he walk through all this, v23? “When he was reviled, he did not revile in return; when he suffered, he did not threaten, but continued entrusting himself to him who judges justly.”

There’s our example. Like Christ, we don’t try and strike back, instead we patiently endure.
Notice that Jesus was able to do this because he trusted his Father. He knew that any wrongs now, any injustices committed against him now, would one day be judged by his Father. 

When we suffer an injustice due to our faith, the temptation is to think, this must be put right now - "I need justice now." It’s not wrong to desire justice. But we must remind ourselves at such times that God will provide justice one day. One day all rights will be put wrong. We can trust him with that absolutely.
And in the meantime that will help us to patiently endure suffering in the present. We look to Christ as our example in this says Peter, and we draw our strength from him, in order to respond like him.

Peter has almost reached the end of this section on suffering, and as he thinks of Christ’s suffering, he can’t help but say one more thing about that suffering. Something about Christ’s suffering that was unique, that sets it apart actually from ours.

3    3) Christ also suffered as our Substitute and Shepherd (v24 – 25)

There was something unique about Christ’s sufferings wasn’t there.

When we suffer, we’re not paying the ultimate penalty for anyone else’s sin. We’re not taking upon ourselves God’s eternal wrath so that someone else doesn’t have to. Only Jesus has ever suffered in that way. “He himself bore our sins in his body on the tree”, v24. He paid the price of our sin for us. We can follow his example in patiently and graciously enduring unjust suffering, but we can’t eternally save anyone by paying for their sin through our suffering. Only Christ does that. He carries our sins on the cross.

But then Peter gives us a reason why he did that.

He says it was so “that we might die to sin and live to righteousness.” What does that mean? Well it means that the purpose of Christ’s death, his carrying of our sins on the cross, was not only to make forgiveness possible for those who put their faith in him, it was also to empower those who put their faith in him to live to righteousness.

One of the commentators says this about v24. “The verse begins with the basis upon which believers are forgiven: Christ’s sin bearing death. Peter then emphasises the purpose of his death: it is so that believers will live a new kind of life”, an increasingly righteous life.

The ability to live in the way Peter has just outlined – graciously enduring unjust suffering, would be impossible, utterly impossible, without faith in the crucified Christ. But, Christ has died for us, carried our sin to the cross, so that we might be able, by his Spirit’s power, to increasingly live like him.

The Christian life is genuinely demanding. Forgive those who hurt you. Patiently endure unjust suffering. But whatever God asks of us, through Christ, he graciously provides the spiritual resources to obey. So we must learn to lean on him, because we have to lean on him, in order to live like him.

Conclusion

Let’s bring this message to a conclusion.

Peter draws this section to together with some words of real comfort and encouragement for hard pressed Christians. He ends v24 by saying, “by his wounds (that Jesus’ wounds) you have been healed.”

No matter how much of a physical beating Christians may take, Christ’s wounds have healed their sin sick hearts. And no amount of suffering can change that. They’ve been healed by Christ’s wounds.

Then in verse 25, he says, “For you were straying like sheep, but have now returned to the Shepherd and Overseer of your souls.”

Without Christ, any person is in a far greater place of danger than with Christ. Even if being with Christ brings unjust sufferings. Without him we’re straying like lost sheep and on our way to a lost eternity. But with him we have a Shepherd and Overseer of our souls. Our souls are completely safe from lasting harm. As the great Shepherd psalm, Psalm 23 says,

“Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil, for you are with me, your rod and your staff they comfort me.”

We have an all seeing, all knowing, all powerful, loving, Shepherd and Overseer, Protector and Keeper of our souls. Whatever we face, and who knows what God may call us to face, to endure, our souls are always safe. We’re in our Shepherd’s care, and that is our greatest comfort.


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